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线程池的拒绝策略

若在线程池当中的核心线程数已被用完且阻塞队列已排满，则此时线程池的线程资源已耗尽，线程池没有足够的线程资源执行新的任务。

所以为了保证操作系统的安全性，线程池将通过拒绝策略来处理新添加的线程任务。

JDK 中内置的拒绝策略有 AbortPolicy，CallerRunsPolicy、DiscardOldestPolicy、DiscardPolicy 这4种，默认的拒绝策略在 ThreadPoolExecutor 中作为内部类来进行提供的，在默认的拒绝策略都不能满足应用的需求时，也可以自定义拒绝策略。

AbortPolicy拒绝策略：

该策略会直接抛出异常，阻止系统正常工作。

jdk源码：

    /*** A handler for rejected tasks that throws a* {@code RejectedExecutionException}.*/public static class AbortPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {/*** Creates an {@code AbortPolicy}.*/public AbortPolicy() { }/*** Always throws RejectedExecutionException.** @param r the runnable task requested to be executed* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task* @throws RejectedExecutionException always*/public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {throw new RejectedExecutionException("Task " + r.toString() +" rejected from " +e.toString());}}

CallerRunsPolicy拒绝策略：

如果线程池的线程数量达到上限，该策略会把任务队列中的任务放在调用者线程（如main函数）当中运行。

jdk源码：

    /*** A handler for rejected tasks that runs the rejected task* directly in the calling thread of the {@code execute} method,* unless the executor has been shut down, in which case the task* is discarded.*/public static class CallerRunsPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {/*** Creates a {@code CallerRunsPolicy}.*/public CallerRunsPolicy() { }/*** Executes task r in the caller's thread, unless the executor* has been shut down, in which case the task is discarded.** @param r the runnable task requested to be executed* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task*/public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {if (!e.isShutdown()) {r.run();}}}

DiscardOldestPolicy拒绝策略：

该策略将移除最早的一个请求，也就是即将被执 行的任务，然后并尝试再次提交当前的任务。

jdk源码：

    /*** A handler for rejected tasks that discards the oldest unhandled* request and then retries {@code execute}, unless the executor* is shut down, in which case the task is discarded.*/public static class DiscardOldestPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {/*** Creates a {@code DiscardOldestPolicy} for the given executor.*/public DiscardOldestPolicy() { }/*** Obtains and ignores the next task that the executor* would otherwise execute, if one is immediately available,* and then retries execution of task r, unless the executor* is shut down, in which case task r is instead discarded.** @param r the runnable task requested to be executed* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task*/public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {if (!e.isShutdown()) {e.getQueue().poll();e.execute(r);}}}

DiscardPolicy拒绝策略：

丢弃当前线程任务而不做任何处理。如果系统允许在资源不足的情况下丢弃部分任务，则这将是保障系统安全，稳定的一种很好的方案。

jdk源码：

    /*** A handler for rejected tasks that silently discards the* rejected task.*/public static class DiscardPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {/*** Creates a {@code DiscardPolicy}.*/public DiscardPolicy() { }/*** Does nothing, which has the effect of discarding task r.** @param r the runnable task requested to be executed* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task*/public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {}}

以上4种拒绝策略均是实现的 RejectedExecutionHandler 接口，来实现拒绝策略，若无法满足实际需要，则用户就可以自己自定义来实现拒绝策略。