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        前几天VMware上安装了ubuntu，当时的内核版本支持(ipguard,加密软件)，后来ubuntu自动升级了linux内核，导致加入软件不支持，无法访问加密文件了。后来加密软件商更新了软件，但还是赶不上linux内核更新速度，还是不能用。

        之前我写过手动升级内核的方法，实在有些复杂，所以借助chatgpt的提示和摸索，直接命令很快就升级内核到老版本了，就是几条命令的事情。

  步骤1：查找内核

    找到想要升级的内核，命令如下

cegncn@cegncn-virtual-machine:~$ apt search linux-image | grep 6.2.0-31WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.linux-image-6.2.0-31-generic/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 6.2.0-31.31~22.04.1 amd64 [installed]
linux-image-unsigned-6.2.0-31-generic/jammy-updates,jammy-security 6.2.0-31.31~22.04.1 amd64
cegncn@cegncn-virtual-machine:~$ 

    直接找到内核版本完整名字就是：linux-image-6.2.0-31-generic

步骤2：升级内核

由于我电脑内核就是从6.2.0-31升级上来的，所以本地就有，不用升级，直接就可以看到

sudo apt install linux-image-6.2.0-31-generic
[sudo] password for cegncn: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
linux-image-6.2.0-31-generic is already the newest version (6.2.0-31.31~22.04.1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 31 not upgraded.

步骤3：启动内核

        虚拟机启动后，需要进入到grub去选择启动内核，启动的时候，需要长按shift键，进入：

注意，不要选择-recovery版本。这个就类似windows的安全模式了。选择好合适的版本后，就可以直接启动了。

步骤4：删除无用内核

cegncn@cegncn-virtual-machine:~$ sudo apt remove linux-image-6.2.0-32-generic
[sudo] password for cegncn: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:amd64-microcode intel-microcode iucode-tool linux-headers-generic-hwe-22.04thermald
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:linux-generic-hwe-22.04 linux-image-6.2.0-32-genericlinux-image-generic-hwe-22.04
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 40 not upgraded.
After this operation, 13.9 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 244718 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-generic-hwe-22.04 (6.2.0.32.32~22.04.9) ...
Removing linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04 (6.2.0.32.32~22.04.9) ...
Removing linux-image-6.2.0-32-generic (6.2.0-32.32~22.04.1) ...
I: /boot/vmlinuz.old is now a symlink to vmlinuz-6.2.0-26-generic
I: /boot/initrd.img.old is now a symlink to initrd.img-6.2.0-26-generic
I: /boot/vmlinuz is now a symlink to vmlinuz-6.2.0-31-generic
I: /boot/initrd.img is now a symlink to initrd.img-6.2.0-31-generic
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-32-generic
/etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub:
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg'
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.2.0-31-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-31-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.2.0-26-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-26-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin
Warning: os-prober will not be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Systems on them will not be added to the GRUB boot configuration.
Check GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER documentation entry.
done

如上，能通过命令便利实现Ubuntu内核升级，方便快捷。