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搭建 MySQL MHA

实验拓扑图

实验环境

主机	IP
Master主库服务器	10.190.33.71
Slave从库服务器01	10.190.33.72
Slave从库服务器02	10.190.33.73
MHA Manager服务器	10.190.33.74
Client	10.190.33.75

实验思路

MHA架构

1. 数据库安装
2. 一主两从
3. MHA搭建

故障模拟

1. 主库失效
2. 备选主库成为主库
3. 原故障主库恢复重新加入到MHA成为从库

实验部署

数据库安装

MySQL安装教程

主从复制部署

时间同步

所有服务器均需要进行配置(仅以Master服务器举例)

yum install -y chronyvim /etc/chrony.conf #注释原有ntp服务器，添加阿里ntp服务源server ntp.aliyun.com iburstsystemctl restart chronydchronyc sources -vsystemctl enable --now chronyd

主服务器配置

vim /etc/my.cnfserver-id=1log_bin = mysql-binbinlog_format = mixedlog-slave-updates = truerelay-log = relay-log-binrelay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index	systemctl restart mysqld
​mysql -u root -pAdmin@123grant replication slave on *.* to 'myslave'@'10.190.33.%' identified by 'Admin@123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.%' identified by 'Admin@123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.71' identified by 'Admin@123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.72' identified by 'Admin@123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.73' identified by 'Admin@123';flush privileges;show master status;

从服务器配置

vim /etc/my.cnfserver-id = 2log_bin = mysql-binbinlog_format = mixedlog-slave-updates = truerelay-log = relay-log-binrelay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.indexsystemctl restart mysqldmysql -u root -pAdmin@123grant replication slave on *.* to 'myslave'@'10.190.33.%' identified by 'Admin@123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.%' identified by 'Admin@123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.71' identified by 'Admin@123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.72' identified by 'Admin@123';grant all privileges on *.* to 'manager'@'10.190.33.73' identified by 'Admin@123';flush privileges;change master to master_host='10.190.33.71',master_user='myslave',master_password='Admin@123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=3400;start slave;show slave status\Gset global read_only=1;

• Slave1
  
• Slave2
  

创建链接

所有的数据库服务器(仅以Master服务器举例)

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/sbin/ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog /usr/sbin/

MHA搭建

安装依赖的环境

所有的服务器(仅以Master服务器举例)

yum install epel-release --nogpgcheck -yyum install -y perl-DBD-MySQL \
perl-Config-Tiny \
perl-Log-Dispatch \
perl-Parallel-ForkManager \
perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder \
perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker \
perl-CPAN

安装 node 组件

所有的服务器(仅以Master服务器举例)

cd /opttar xf mha4mysql-node-0.57.tar.gzcd mha4mysql-node-0.57perl Makefile.PLmake && make install

安装 manager 组件

manager服务器

cd /opttar xf mha4mysql-manager-0.57.tar.gzcd mha4mysql-manager-0.57perl Makefile.PLmake && make install

配置无密码认证

所有的服务器

#manager节点上配置到所有数据库节点的无密码认证ssh-keygen -t rsassh-copy-id 10.190.33.71ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.72ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.73#master节点上配置到数据库节点 slave1 和 slave2的无密码认证ssh-keygen -t rsassh-copy-id 10.190.33.72ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.73#slave1节点上配置到数据库节点 master和 slave2的无密码认证ssh-keygen -t rsassh-copy-id 10.190.33.71ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.73#slave2节点上配置到数据库节点 master和 slave1 的无密码认证ssh-keygen -t rsassh-copy-id 10.190.33.71ssh-copy-id 10.190.33.72

• manager

• master

• slave1

• slave2

在 manager 节点上配置 MHA

cp -rp /opt/mha4mysql-manager-0.57/samples/scripts /usr/local/binll /usr/local/bin/scripts/cp /usr/local/bin/scripts/master_ip_failover /usr/local/binvim /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover###删除所有后；拷贝前输入 :set paste 解决vim粘贴乱序问题#!/usr/bin/env perluse strict;use warnings FATAL => 'all';use Getopt::Long;my ($command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip,$orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port);my $vip = '10.190.33.100';my $brdc = '10.190.33.255';my $ifdev = 'ens33';			##看下自己网卡是ens33则不用动，不是ens33就换成自己网卡名my $key = '1';my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key $vip";my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig ens33:$key down";my $exit_code = 0;#my $ssh_start_vip = "/usr/sbin/ip addr add $vip/24 brd $brdc dev $ifdev label $ifdev:$key;/usr/sbin/arping -q -A -c 1 -I $ifdev $vip;iptables -F;";#my $ssh_stop_vip = "/usr/sbin/ip addr del $vip/24 dev $ifdev label $ifdev:$key";GetOptions('command=s' => \$command,'ssh_user=s' => \$ssh_user,'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host,'orig_master_ip=s' => \$orig_master_ip,'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port,'new_master_host=s' => \$new_master_host,'new_master_ip=s' => \$new_master_ip,'new_master_port=i' => \$new_master_port,);exit &main();sub main {print "\n\nIN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip===\n\n";if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) {my $exit_code = 1;eval {print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host \n";&stop_vip();$exit_code = 0;};if ($@) {warn "Got Error: $@\n";exit $exit_code;}exit $exit_code;}elsif ( $command eq "start" ) {my $exit_code = 10;eval {print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n";&start_vip();$exit_code = 0;};if ($@) {warn $@;exit $exit_code;}exit $exit_code;}elsif ( $command eq "status" ) {print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK \n";exit 0;}else {&usage();exit 1;}}sub start_vip() {`ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`;}## A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_mastersub stop_vip() {`ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`;}sub usage {print"Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port\n";}

管理 mysql 节点服务器

创建相关目录

所有的服务器(仅以Master服务器举例)

mkdir -p /opt/mysql-mha/mha-node

编写配置文件

mkdir -p /opt/mysql-mha/mha-managervim /opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf[server default]manager_log=/opt/mysql-mha/manager.logmanager_workdir=/opt/mysql-mha/mha-managerremote_workdir=/opt/mysql-mha/mha-nodemaster_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/dataping_interval=1master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failovermaster_ip_online_change_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_online_changeuser=managerpassword=Admin@123repl_user=myslaverepl_password=Admin@123port=3306secondary_check_script=/usr/local/bin/masterha_secondary_check -s 10.190.33.72 -s 10.190.33.73shutdown_script=""ssh_user=root[server1]hostname=10.190.33.71port=3306[server2]candidate_master=1check_repl_delay=0hostname=10.190.33.72port=3306[server3]hostname=10.190.33.73port=3306

手动开启虚拟IP

Master服务器

/sbin/ifconfig ens33:1 10.190.33.100/24ifconfig

测试 ssh 无密码认证及 MySQL主从连接情况

masterha_check_ssh -conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf#测试 ssh 无密码认证masterha_check_repl -conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf#MySQL主从连接情况

启动 MHA

nohup masterha_manager \
--conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf \
--remove_dead_master_conf \
--ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha_manager.log 2>&1 &masterha_check_status --conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf#查看 MHA 状态cat /opt/mysql-mha/manager.log | grep "current master"#查看 MHA 日志

故障模拟———— Master 节点意外故障

停止 Master 节点MySQL服务

systemctl stop mysqld

查看 mysql2 是否接管 VIP

ifconfig

修复故障

启动原来的主节点

systemctl start mysqld

修复数据

现主MySQL服务器（原从MySQL服务器1）

mysql -u root -pmysql> show master status;

在原来的主节点

change master to master_host='10.190.33.72',master_user='myslave',master_password='Admin@123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=1777;start slave;

在 manager 节点上修改配置文件

vim /opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf······[server1]hostname= 10.190.33.71port=3306······

对mysql1和mysql2 进行重启

systemctl restart  mysqld

在 manager 节点上启动 MHA

masterha_stop --conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnfnohup masterha_manager \
--conf=/opt/mysql-mha/mysql_mha.cnf \
--remove_dead_master_conf \
--ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha_manager.log 2>&1 &