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        目前有个项目，验收时有个要求是在linux中进行编译打包生成apk文件。我平时都是在windows环境android studio中进行打包的，花了半天时间研究了一下，记录如下：

安装安卓sdk 

cd /opt
wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/sdk-tools-linux-4333796.zip
unzip sdk-tools-linux-4333796.zip
mkdir sdk
mv tools/ sdk/

 配置环境变量（用vim打开也行）

gedit /etc/profile

profile文件中加入以下两行
export ANDROID_HOME=/opt/sdk
export PATH=${ANDROID_HOME}/tools/bin:${ANDROID_HOME}/tools/bin:${ANDROID_HOME}:${PATH}

source /etc/profile
sdkmanager --list

如果有以下报错，说明还没装jdk 

 ERROR:JAVA HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.

安装jdk

apt update
apt install openjdk-8-jdk

安装完查看版本号，必须是1.8的版本

root@sf-virtual-machine:~# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_362"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_362-8u372-ga~us1-0ubuntu1~18.04-b09)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.362-b09, mixed mode)
 

安装安卓build-tools和platforms

sdkmanager "build-tools;29.0.3"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-29"

再次执行sdkmanager --list

如果看到以下3行输出，说明安装正常

Installed packages:=====================] 100% Computing updates...             Path                 | Version | Description                    | Location             -------              | ------- | -------                        | -------              build-tools;29.0.3   | 29.0.3  | Android SDK Build-Tools 29.0.3 | build-tools/29.0.3/  platforms;android-29 | 5       | Android SDK Platform 29        | platforms/android-29/tools                | 26.1.1  | Android SDK Tools 26.1.1       | tools/               

安装gradle

gradle的版本号看项目配置文件/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties

cd /opt
wget https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-6.5-bin.zip
unzip gradle-6.5-bin.zip
mkdir gradle
mv gradle-6.5 /opt/gradle/

 配置环境变量（用vim打开也行）

gedit /etc/profile

profile文件中加入以下两行

export GRADLE_HOME=/opt/gradle/gradle-6.5
export PATH=${GRADLE_HOME}/bin:${PATH}

source /etc/profile

 导入android studio项目并打包

opt下面建一个code文件夹

cd /opt
mkdir code
cd code

  将demo项目放到code目录下，在项目中执行gradle assembleRelease

root@sf-virtual-machine:/opt/code# cd demo
root@sf-virtual-machine:/opt/code/demo# gradle assembleRelease

接着有报错，说是证书路径找不到。我的证书配置在项目路径/app/build.gradle中

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.* Where:
Build file '/opt/code/demo/app/build.gradle' line: 19* What went wrong:
A problem occurred evaluating project ':app'.
> Cannot convert URL 'C:/Users/Administrator/.android/demo.keystore' to a file.

 我把证书复制到/app/目录下，修改一下项目路径/app/build.gradle配置

再次执行gradle assembleRelease

编译成功后apk文件会输出到项目路径/app/build/outputs/apk/release/目录中