- 多态基本知识思维导图

- 多态的代码实现,注意父类对象引用指向子类对象引用(向上转型)的方法,父类就可以调用子类重写的方法和派生的方法,但不能调用子类特有的方法:
class Animal {public void makeSound() {System.out.println("Animal makes a sound");}
}class Dog extends Animal {@Overridepublic void makeSound() {System.out.println("Dog barks");}public void playBall() {System.out.println("Dog likes playing balls");}
}class Cat extends Animal {@Overridepublic void makeSound() {System.out.println("Cat meows");}
}public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {Animal animal1 = new Dog(); Animal animal2 = new Cat();animal1.makeSound(); animal2.makeSound(); if(animal1 instanceof Dog){Dog dog = (Dog)anotherAnimal;dog.playBall();}}
}
- 上面说父类无法调用子类特有对象,但可以通过向下转型实现,如Example2实现。